Importantly, vascular senescent cells are identified by key characteristics and biomarkers including cell cycle regulators (i.e., cdkn1a - p21, Cdkn2a - p16 and p19), altered lysosomal activity (senescence-associated -galactosidase [SA--Gal]), DNA damage markers (53BP1 and -H2AX), telomere length and telomerase activity, senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways (SCAPs), and SASP profile (IL-6, IL-1, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF-], among many others) [31,45] [Figure 1]
The HCMI catalog currently includes more than 250 models derived from tumors at different stages of progression, from 28 primary sites, and with diverse mutational backgrounds
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Recent advances in the color of aquatic products: Evaluation methods, discoloration mechanism, and protection technologies